Lily’s Eyes (from “The Secret Garden”)

Featuring one of the great modulations in the musical theatre canon, “Lily’s Eyes” is from the 1991 Broadway musical The Secret Garden (1991), music by Lucy Simon and lyrics and book by Marsha Norman. Sung here by original cast members Mandy Patinkin and Robert Westenberg, the modulation is at 3:22 (the song starts at 0:53).

Madonna | Rain

A long-overdue MotD debut for Madonna: “Rain” (1993) was reviewed by Billboard‘s Larry Flick as “a gorgeous, romantic moment from the sorely underappreciated Erotica opus. A slow and seductive rhyme base surrounded by cascading, sparkling synths inspires a sweet and charming vocal.”

After the tune starts in Bb major, a thundering, sweeping synth glissando (2:37), unaccompanied by any other context, knocks us off-balance. After a bit of key-of-the-moment wandering during the bridge starting at 2:43, we transition to C major at 3:03. The 3:45 mark is a reversion to the original key, followed by another step up to C major as the tune draws to a close at 4:05.

Kenny Loggins | Return to Pooh Corner

Here’s another modulation from frequent contributor JB: the live version of Kenny Loggins‘ “Return to Pooh Corner” from Outside: From the Redwoods, recorded in 1993 in Santa Cruz Shakespeare‘s Festival Glen.

“The track has a nifty modulation into the bridge at 2:09, and then another rather haunting mod at 3:10. The backing vox on this song are pretty sweet for a live performance, especially since they’re done by instrumentalists, and not dedicated singers.”

Sergio Mendes | Lua Soberana

The winner of the 1993 Recording Academy / GRAMMYs for Best World Music Album, Sergio MendesBrasilieiro featured 14 tracks, including “Lua Soberana” (Sovereign Moon). The album featured American contemporary jazz musicians such as pianist Russell Ferrante of the Yellowjackets and rock drummer Jeff Porcaro of Toto as well as a huge slate of Brazilian musicians.

The tune doesn’t feature one lone modulation, but rather an ever-shifting harmonic continuum.

0:00 unaccompanied verse
0:35 A major verse
1:08 multi-key chorus
1:38 A major verse
1:54 multi-key chorus
2:24 transition
2:32 B major verse
2:49 instrumental bridge
3:23 B major verse

Aimee Mann | I Should’ve Known

Busy mod scout JB has submitted “I Should’ve Known” by singer/songwriter Aimee Mann, formerly the frontwoman of the 80s band ‘Til Tuesday. The track was from her first solo album, Whatever (1993.) AllMusic‘s review gushes that Mann’s “blend of wit, smarts, cynicism, and downright hum-ability make for a wonderfully pleasing collection of catchy songs…Lyrically, it is often hard to know whether Mann is spilling her guts out over a love or a deal gone bad. In fact, it is often a combination.”

The tune modulates as the bridge starts at 2:25.

Hank Snow | I’ve Been Everywhere

“I’ve Been Everywhere” is a song which was originally made popular upon its initial Australian releases (with Aussie place names) in 1959 and 1962. In 1962, the song was also a #1 US country hit by Hank Snow — with multiple half-step modulations at 1:12, 1:37, and 2:03.

More recently, Johnny Cash had another country hit with the tune in 1996, with several TV ad placements; the video is posted second. However, Cash’s version has no modulations.

Brent Bourgeois | Dare to Fall In Love

Vocalist, keyboardist, and songwriter Brent Bourgeois released “Dare to Fall In Love” in 1990 as the single from his first solo album after leaving the band he co-fronted during the late 80s, Bourgeois Tagg. The lushly produced track builds to a modulation at the start of the bridge (2:36), remaining in the new key throughout the return of the chorus (3:03) and the remainder of the tune.

Bourgeois remembers the tune’s origins well: “I didn’t want my record company to hear it, because it was very ‘pop,’ very commercial, and didn’t fit the tone of the rest of the record. I was afraid if they heard it, they would want to make it the single, and the record would be misrepresented to the public. Well, they heard it, and that’s exactly what happened.”

Cathy Dennis | Too Many Walls

British pop singer and songwriter Cathy Dennis released “Too Many Walls” in 1991. The tune was co-written by Anne Dudley, best known for her work with Art Of Noise. The track reached chart positions of US Adult Contemporary #1, US Hot 100 #8, and top 20 in the UK, Ireland, and Canada.

After establishing her own performance career, Dennis went on to write songs for Clay Aiken, Kylie Minogue, and Kelly Clarkson, as well as the chart-toppers “Toxic” by Britney Spears and Katy Perry’s “I Kissed a Girl.”

After an instrumental bridge (2:54 – 3:14), the tune modulates up a whole step.

Dave Stewart | Heart of Stone

UK songwriter/vocalist/guitarist Dave Stewart, probably best known as half of Eurythmics, has also enjoyed a busy career as a solo rock/pop artist, music producer, and music video director. His solo release “Heart of Stone” (1994) modulates at 1:53. Then, after a guitar solo which might have come from a dream journal, Stewart falls like timber at the downward modulation back to the original key.

Yes, that is legendary funk bassist Bootsy Collins!

Many thanks to MotD fan John Powhida for this submission.