Delta Goodrem | Innocent Eyes

“Innocent Eyes” is the title track on Australian singer/songwriter Delta Goodram’s 2003 debut album. Goodram said the song, which is autobiographical and dedicated to her family, is one of her favorites on the album, and it is one of five #1 singles from the record. Innocent Eyes is the second-best-selling Australian album of all time, and Goodrem has since followed it up with six more.

The track begins in Bb minor before a distinctive downward shift to A minor for the chorus at 0:22. It returns to Bb for the second verse at 1:07, and then remains in A minor from 1:29 to the end.

Royksopp | Royksopp Forever

From MotD reader and first-time contributor Max Willard comes the track “Royksopp Forever” (2009) by the Norwegian electronica duo Royksopp.

The duo’s album The Invitable End (2014) was widely considered to be the duo’s swan song; quite a few years of radio silence followed. In a 2022 Billboard interview, the duo describe their return: “The current scene is, luckily, a lot of things. That hasn’t changed for us. Some people look at the scene as music that crosses over, because electronic dance music became pop at some stage in the last 10 years … On the flip side, because it’s so saturated with music, there is a lot of crap as well. I have to be blunt and state the obvious. But as far as electronic music goes, for example, the genre of traditional rock was proclaimed “dead.” Those kinds of statements are so redundant. It’s just not as prominent, but it’s obviously still there. It’s just shifted a bit. Electronic music is now mainstream pop music. It’s just a little shift, but nothing really dies. It just becomes a bit more specialized and disappears and reappears. I like those shifting trends.”

Max’s take: “I think this modulation merits consideration because the entire song builds to the moment of key inflection.” After starting in D minor, the track transitions at 3:10 to a behemoth E major/A minor vamp, repeating onward to the end as it fades and shapeshifts.

Good Charlotte | Wondering

“Wondering” is the fourth track on the 2002 album The Young and the Hopeless by the American rock band Good Charlotte. After their first record did not sell as well as they hoped, the group decided to let inspiration guide them for this release. “Nothing about that record was pre-meditated, we were just having fun, and trying to do the best we could to achieve that goal,” lead guitarist Benji Madden said. “We’d gone out into the world and felt both the positive and the negative. And on The Young And The Hopeless we decided to really take a direction and stand up for ourselves, in a way.”

The track shifts from B up a whole step to C# at 3:00

Demi Lovato | The Middle

“The Middle” is the ninth track on American singer Demi Lovato’s debut studio album, Don’t Forget, released in 2008. AllMusic critic Stephen Thomas Erlewine described the record as “the kind of pop that feels disposable but winds up sticking around longer than its more considered cousins.” The song begins in E minor and shifts up a step to F# minor for the last chorus at 2:17.

Il Divo | Adagio in G Minor

Featured on the classical/pop crossover group Il Divo’s fifth studio album, The Promise (2008), “Adagio in G Minor” is based on a manuscript written by Venetian baroque composer Tomaso Albinoni in the 18th century, which musicologist and Albinoni biographer Remo Giazotto discovered and expanded upon. The piece has been used in many films and TV shows, most recently in the 2018 installment of Ryan Murphy’s anthology series American Crime Story, focused on the assassination of Gianni Versace.

Il Divo’s arrangement begins in C# minor, modulates up to D minor at 2:36, and lands in F# minor at 3:28.

Nickel Creek | Stumptown

“Mandolinist-singer Chris Thile, guitarist-singer Sean Watkins, and fiddler-singer Sara Watkins recorded their self-titled debut for Sugar Hill in 2000,” (AcousticMusic.com). “The band had a lot going for it. Its members were young, spunky, and nice to look at on CMT; they were good musicians and singers, and brought a youthful edge to a music that seldom reached a youthful market. Indeed, the most surprising thing about Nickel Creek was that three, young with-it teenagers would choose to play anything resembling bluegrass, and that they, as Alison Krauss had some years earlier, were able to make acoustic music seem kind of cool.

The band’s third album, Why Should the Fire Die? (2005), (is) an intense, innovative album … Detractors will argue that Nickel Creek has strayed far from the traditional bluegrass path, but even the group’s first and most conservative effort wasn’t traditional. The problem with traditional-progressive conflicts is that they don’t tell you much about the quality of the music itself. Quite possibly, Nickel Creek doesn’t even qualify—at this point—as traditional, progressive, or any other kind of bluegrass. They are, however, an exciting band because they’ve brought new elements into acoustic music, giving it a potent injection of youthful vigor.”

After a starting in E major, a shift to G major is in effect from 1:02 – 1:18, where the band hiccups back into the original key.

Britney Spears | Where Are You Now

“Where Are You Now” is from Britney Spears’ second studio album, Oops!…I Did It Again, released in 2000. The album debuted at number 1 in fifteen countries and has gone on to become one of the best-selling albums of all time. Starting in A major, the tune modulates up to B for the interlude following the second chorus at 2:42, and then shifts up another half step to C for the final chorus at 3:13.

Gin Blossoms | California Sun

“An homage to the surf music the Beach Boys helped make so popular, this song is certainly one directly from the depths of Gin Blossom Jesse Valenzuela’s heart,” (Songfacts). “Jesse’s original role with the Gin Blossoms was as lead singer. He switched to guitar with the introduction of vocalist Robin Wilson to the band. Yet he was – and is – one of the band’s most prolific songwriters. While some artists may have a rough time of it allowing someone else to sing their words when they themselves are perfectly capable of doing it, Jesse says it doesn’t bother him.”

InnerEarMedia‘s review of the band’s 2006 album Major Lodge Victory has this to say about “California Sun,” the album’s closing track: “The easy-to-the-ears pop of the Gin Blossoms is like a warm blanket surrounding you and keeping you safe. That blanket only gets warmed more by ‘California Sun’ as the sweet pop song brings this great album to an appropriate end. Gin Blossoms leave us with a folk/pop song that could’ve come straight from the 70s (Eagles, America, etc.) and it makes you smile.”

Starting in E major, a bridge at 2:03 begins with a vocal section but then settles into a guitar feature. We’re led into a key change at 2:49 with an emphatic, extended V chord in the new key of F major, complete with richly textured backing vocals echoing the Beach Boys’ style. At 3:00, the final chorus is firmly established in the new key.

Cascada | Could It Be You

Cascada is a German eurodance band whose music has been viewed over a billion times on Youtube. They have released four studio albums, most recently in 2011, and are one of the most successful dance music acts ever. “Could It Be You” is featured on the 2009 album Perfect Day. The track begins in C# minor and dramatically modulates up a half step to D minor at 2:55.