Rajaton | Laulamahan

Rajaton “is a six member a cappella group founded in Helsinki, Finland, that comprises two sopranos, two baritones, and an alto and tenor each,” (DCTheaterArts). “Rajaton is a pop sensation in its native Finland, where it is renowned for its genre-crossing repertoire of classical to Europop and where it has a double platinum, three platinum, and a collection of gold records, amongst over awards under its belt. The group … continues to spread the joy of their music through touring in over twenty-five countries. … The name Rajaton is the Finnish word for ‘boundless’ and (is a) metaphor for the wide breadth of their repertoire.”

From AllMusic’s profile of the group: “The group released its first album, Nova, in 2000, and over the course of the next decade managed another eight releases, including albums and DVD offerings. Their October 2007 album, Maa, was another strong seller for the band, as it cracked the Top Ten on the Finland album charts.”

The joyful track “Laulamahan,” released in 2022, shifts in texture throughout while the overall tempo remains unchanged. There are several modulations, the first of which is a shift two whole steps downward at 0:43. 

Seals and Crofts | Dust On My Saddle

Seals and Crofts, the 70s duo synonymous with the soft rock genre, were best known for lushly arranged, wide-ranging musical journeys which somehow also hit the pop charts. But the group also had some country and bluegrass playing in its collective history, demonstrated by the uptempo track “Dust On My Saddle.” The tune shifts throughout between A major on the chorus and F# major on the verses — with unmissable chromatic transitions in the bass.

Stereo Review provided an overview of the track’s hit 1973 album, Diamond Girl: “Radio listening can create the impression that Seals and Crofts have a narrow, restricted style, the core of it being a kind of low-keyed preachiness couched in high-noted harmonies. In fact, their work is eclectic, or extraordinarily varied, and this album is especially so …

You’re almost certain to like some of it, almost certain not to like all of it, but likely to admire, in any case, the way Seals and Crofts manage to sound like Seals and Crofts through all these changes. Myself, I like the guitar-mandolin arrangements, the lyricism, and the taste — and I grow a little weary of being talked down to, which seems necessarily a part of the religious instruction and/or moralizing they periodically lay upon us. I also find this particular album so carefully produced that it is almost sterile in some places. It seems, however, that there are several levels on which I can listen to it, paying varying degrees of attention — and I find some sort of reward at any plateau. Can’t explain that. But people who are more heavily into Eastern Thought than I am are continually doing things that affect me in ways I can’t explain.”

Howard Jones | Hide and Seek

UK native songwriter/performer Howard Jones’ career blossomed with his signature single, “Things Can Only Get Better.” That uptempo tune, which acknowledges life’s complexities but maintains an infectiously positive attitude, seems to have set the tone for Jones’ career. From a 2022 interview with 48Hills: “‘From the first album, the first single, I wanted the music and the lyrics to be of use to people to help them get through difficult times in the same way that music helped me. It had been such a comfort and an inspiration to me as I was growing up … I was consciously writing the music for the times when people, including myself, needed a boost, to get over some really difficult situation that life is constantly throwing at us … we need everyone on this planet to be functioning at their highest, most positive level if we’re going to overcome the difficulties we’re facing.'”

“Howard looks at the big picture in this song, where he goes back to the big bang and asks us to remember a time when there was ‘nothing at all, just a distant hum,'” (Songfacts). “Howard Jones performed ‘Hide and Seek’ at Live Aid in 1985 on Freddie Mercury’s piano.” Stepping the tempo up noticeably compared to the studio version of this ballad, Jones somehow gathered the courage to perform this track solo at the piano amidst Live Aid’s otherwise saturated aural textures and huge bands. The transatlantic concert was witnessed by 70,000+ audience members in London and 80,000+ for the US set; “an estimated audience of 1.9 billion, in 150 nations, nearly 40% of the world population” viewed the broadcast on TV or listened via radio (CNN).

After an intro and a verse in D minor, the chorus lifts the mood with a shift to D major (first heard from 1:52 – 2:23) before reverting to the hook-driven minor interlude and verse. The connective tissue in the transition from minor to major is a prominent Dsus4.

Aimee Mann | Knock It Off

Mental Illness (2017) is Aimee Mann’s quintessential statement, tempering the discord of life with elegant chamber folk,” (Pitchfork). ” … Mann doing an album called Mental Illness is a concept so fitting it took her a lifetime to find it. Having already delivered a new wave smash, scored an Academy Award nomination, recorded eight stylistically diverse solo records as well a fiesty collaboration with punk’s Ted Leo, Mann is rightfully pissed that she’s nevertheless pigeonholed as a dreary fabricator of slow, sad-sack songs. So she’s answered her critics with her slowest, sad-sack-iest album yet, one populated by ordinary people struggling against operatic levels of existential pain at odds with their humdrum lives.

Mann has long been an expert of articulating this tension. Originally written about her attraction to a woman on the down low, her 1985 ‘Til Tuesday single ‘Voices Carry’ found its defining shape when record company meddling forced Mann to recast it as a heterosexual melodrama that became a feminist anthem about overcoming male dominance. Yet no one would’ve predicted then that Mann would rank among the few new wave survivors who’d achieve both consistent sales and artistic credibility well into the 21st century … A rocker at heart if not always in practice, Mann has sometimes been muted but never mellow; her new wave training and constitutional angst haven’t allowed it. To prepare for her latest, she studied the gentle craftsmanship of Bread, Dan Fogelberg, and other unhip smoothies that punk tossed on the anti-establishment bonfire with Yes and ELP. Mental Illness is accordingly made of skeletal strings, coolly regulated commentary, and minimal drums. Juxtaposing elegant chamber folk against the discord of lives out of balance, it’s musically more delicate than even her soft rock models.”

After a start in Bb major overall, “Knock It Off” features a soft-spoken breezy bridge between 1:46 – 2:02, shifting us into Db major. Returning to Bb major for the balance of the tune, Mann decisively closes with a simple plagal cadence.

Paul McCandless | We Gather Together

Grammy-winning multi-instrumentalist Paul McCandless plays oboe on this arrangement of the Christian hymn “We Gather Together,” originally written in 1597 and often associated with Thanksgiving Day in the United States. The track is the first cut on the 1998 Windham Hill collection Thanksgiving. It begins in G, and modulates up to A at 2:18.

Paul Winter + Friends | Dawnwalker

After a start as a jazz musician, saxophonist Paul Winter founded the Paul Winter Consort, “one of the earliest exponents of world music, combining elements from various African, Asian, and South American cultures with jazz,” (AllMusic). “… Winter became increasingly involved with environmental issues. He participated in activities with the Greenpeace organization, and worked towards a successful integration of music and nature … Since 1980, Winter has headed a non-profit group dedicated to increasing public awareness of music’s relationship to spiritual and environmental health. He continues to perform in support of his organization, frequently in settings conducive to the production of (and interaction with) ambient sound, such as the Grand Canyon, or New York’s Cathedral of St. John the Divine … With help from some of the finest Irish musicians extant, Paul Winter presents Celtic Solstice (1999), his sonic love letter to the Celtic musical tradition …”

“Davy Spillane, one of Ireland’s premier players of uilleann pipes (also called Irish pipes) and low whistles, bringing a modern sensibility to musical instruments that have their roots in traditions that are hundreds of years old,” (Encyclopedia.com). “After playing with the groundbreaking Irish folk-rock band Moving Hearts, Spillane went on to a successful career as a soloist and accompanist with pop stars such as Elvis Costello, Kate Bush, and Van Morrison. He has also composed and played music for film and stage productions, including the hit musical Riverdance. An accomplished pipemaker as well as a musician, Spillane constructed all of the instruments he plays, and makes them to order for musicians around the world.” In 2000, Spillane helped Winter win a Grammy Award for Best New Age Album for Celtic Solstice.

Starting in E minor and led by Spillane’s haunting uilleann pipe melody, the piece reaches a common-tone modulation to A major at 2:25 with a switch to Winter’s soprano saxophone. We then move through various keys of the moment before returning to the initial melody, key, and keening uilleann pipe lead at 4:14. A final drone in D major ends the piece at 6:23. The rich pipe organ of New York City’s Cathedral of St. John the Divine stunningly underpins the stark melodic timbres and spacious phrasing.

Peter Mayer | John’s Garden

“Mountains and motorcycles; pigs, pubs, and planets; insight, hope and humor — such are the ingredients one finds in the songs of Peter Mayer,” (VolumeMusic). “Earthy and intimate, Mayer’s songs invite the listener to consider the deeper aspects of life. The standard lyrical dish of love lost and found is not on his menu; rather, it consists of an eclectic blend of thoughtful songs about the collective human journey. His welcoming voice and inventive guitar work along with his honest delivery provide the perfect vehicle for his down-home wisdom. Million Year Mind (2001) … offers an eclectic blend of thoughtful songs about the collective human journey.”

“John’s Garden” begins in F# minor, shifts to F# major for the chorus at 0:46, then reverts back into F# minor for the intro to the next verse. From 2:31 – 2:54, the bridge’s harmonic polarity flips over to A major before returning back to original key. As the tune unfolds, we learn that a different species entirely — not Farmer John — drives the narrative.

Boyce Avenue | I Wanna Dance With Somebody

Boyce Avenue, an American cover band based in Sarasota, FL, is comprised of three brothers — Alejandro, Fabian, and Daniel Manzano. The group formed in 2004, has released three studio albums, an boasts 16.4 million YouTube subscribers, making them the most viewed independent band in the world.

Their cover of Whitney Houston’s classic hit features Jennel Garcia on vocals. It begins in Gb and modulates up a half step to G at 2:12.

Georgia Stitt (feat. Jessica Vosk) | Maybe It’s Me

“Maybe It’s Me” is featured on American composer Georgia Stitt’s 2020 album A Quiet Revolution. Stitt, who put together the album during the pandemic, said in an interview with Forbes that “to me these songs highlight some very real, very contemporary characters who are fighting for relevance, meaning, and connection in a world that seems to value those things less and less.”

This track, which opens the album, is performed by musical theatre actress Jessica Vosk. It begins in A and modulates up to Bb for the final chorus at 2:24.

Molly Tuttle | She’ll Change

“One of the most compelling new voices in the roots music world, Molly Tuttle is a virtuosic multi-instrumentalist and singer/songwriter with a lifelong love of bluegrass, a genre the Northern California-bred artist first discovered thanks to her father (a music teacher and multi-instrumentalist) and grandfather (a banjo player whose Illinois farm she visited often throughout her childhood). On her new album Crooked Tree (2022), Tuttle joyfully explores that rich history with bluegrass, bringing her imagination to tales of free spirits and outlaws, weed farmers and cowgirls resulting in a record that is both forward-thinking and steeped in bluegrass heritage,” (MollyTuttleMusic.com)

The Nashville-based Tuttle, a Berklee alumna, began attending bluegrass jams at age eleven. ” … She was the first woman ever named Guitar Player of the Year by the International Bluegrass Music Association,  as well as her voice—an instrument that shifts from warmly understated to fiercely soulful with equal parts precision and abandon, occasionally treating the listener to some high-spirited yodeling … On the album-opening ‘She’ll Change,’ for instance, her vocals take on a breakneck momentum as she pays homage to the type of woman who fully owns her unabashed complexity.”

“[Molly Tuttle] sings with the gentle authority of Gillian Welch, yet plays astoundingly fleet flat-picking guitar like Chet Atkins on superdrive.”

— American Songwriter Magazine

“She’ll Change” is built in B major for the first two verses and choruses, but at 1:31 a multi-section bridge arrives: the first features vocals and stays more or less grounded, but the second instrumental section shifts to C# major (1:45), remaining there for the balance of the tune.